The game is said to be historically accurate, with its missions based on actual events and buildings based on actual ancient structures. Along with a player's attempts to overtake the countryside through military might, they will also struggle with domestic issues, such as economics and crime.

Imperium Romanum marks the latest in Haemimont's lineage of history-based titles, past examples of which include Glory of the Roman Empire (PC), Imperivm: Great Battles of Rome (PC), and Celtic Kings: The Punic Wars (PC).